Biotechnical and industrial potential of pasturable aquaculture on transboundary reservoirs of Russia and Lithuania | Биотехнический и производственный потенциал пастбищной аквакультуры на трансграничных водоемах России и Литвы

The increasing attack by the human industrial activity on ecosystems of fishery waters heightened the problem of maintaining the size offish populations. It concerns their species the most valuable from the gastronomic and economic points of view. The problem is more expressed in coastal waters and inland fishing ones. This is explainable as the namely these ecosystems are most influenced by anthropogenic factors. The research has shown that this influence affected the spawning biotope of valuable fish species in the highest degree. Therefore artificial reproduction of marketable fishes which sharply lowered in the number or costing on the verge of extinction is today imperative. However artificial reproduction is the only partial decision of the problem. It is not less important to make efforts to preservation of potential of natural reproduction, as it is a way to preservation of heterogeneity of populations of fishes. Currently the use of traditional techniques for artificial reproduction of fish is now insufficient for the execution ameliorative work in the spawning-ground biotope. Large expenditures for these activities require different approaches, based on the development of new technologies of artificial reproduction which guarantee a reduction in unit costs in the product due to higher trade return. This should be taken into account all the factors that cause shoals and siltation offish-passes as well as spawning-grounds. Thus it will be possible to provide longer period of functioning in a normal mode of the whole system closely associated with the realization of reproductive function of populations of fishes. Not less important thus to provide engage the whole system of rivers in overall potential of natural reproduction which by present time have lost the value as spawning. Combining with these actions methods of artificial reproduction, it will be possible to involve the most productive populations of marketable fishes in these rivers.