RAPD analysis of classification and genetic relationship among northern japonica rice | 北方粳稻品种类群划分及亲缘关系的RAPD分析

صينى. 鉴于国内粳稻的类群划分及亲缘关系还鲜有RAPD分析的相关研究报道,本研究利用RAPD分子标记技术对18个北方粳稻品种进行了分类和亲缘关系研究,从80个随机引物中筛选出了21个引物用于PCR反应,共在146个位点上扩增出条带,平均每个引物扩增的位点数为6.95个,多态性位点104个,多态性比率为71.23%,显示了较高的多态性。其中,有15个引物具有单一标记条带或特异缺失条带,共可鉴别10个品种。应用SPSS11.5分析软件对18种供试材料进行了聚类分析,实验结果显示：18种粳稻品种可明显分为3类,第Ⅰ类的10个粳稻品种有8个品种与系谱分析结果相符,第Ⅱ类和第Ⅲ类中的粳稻品种都分别具有血缘关系,与系谱分析结果基本吻合。综上所述,RAPD技术在北方粳稻品种类群划分及亲缘关系研究中的应用是可行的。但两者的分析结果也存在一定的差异,我们建议在实际工作中应将分子标记法和系谱法有机结合、相互印证,减少亲本选择的盲目性,提高育种工作的可预见性。[著者文摘]

إنجليزي. In this research, we have studied the genetic relationships and classifications of tested 18 northern japonica rice based on the RAPD data though it is rarely reported on classification and genetic relationship of japonica rice by using RAPD technique in China. The results showed that 104 polymorphic bands were scored from total of 146 amplified bands, it was 71.23% polymorphic percentage and 6.95 average allele number of each polymorphic primer that should display a relatively high polymorphism revealed by RAPD-PCR using 21 random primers selected from 80 primers. We totally found out 15 primers with single-marked band or specific fragment missing, which can be used to distinguish 10 tested germplasms. And we also conducted the cluster analysis for the tested materials by using the SPSS statistic software （SPSS 11.5）. The statistic results demonstrated that 18 tested varieties could be classified into three groups significantly, eight of them were directly going to Group Ⅰ well according with the results of pedigree analysis, as well as the tested germplasms in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ had well relative relationships, respectively, which was basically consistent with the results of pedigree analysis. In this study we have conclusions that there are obviously differences on analyzing classification and relationship by using RAPD technique and pedigree analysis, and RAPD technique might be feasible for the research to detect the genetic diversifies in northern japonica rice. Thus, we suggested that it would be best way by combining the molecular technique and pedigree analysis in practices, which will help us to reduce the blindness of parent selection and to increase the predictability in breeding program.