Dynamics of physiological races of rice blast fungus in jiangxi province during 2006 -2008 | 2006～2008年江西省稻瘟病菌生理小种的消长动态

صينى. 利用我国7个统一鉴别品种鉴定2006―2008年从江西省31个水稻主产县（市）采集分离的195个稻瘟病菌有效单孢菌株，共鉴定到6群40个生理小种。所测菌株中ZB群出现频率最高，分布最广，为优势小种群。主要的优势小种为ZB13、ZB15、ZB5、ZA1，出现频率分别为14．36％、13．33％、6．67％、6．67％；3年中小种类群及优势小种的构成有一定的差异，在稻瘟病流行的2006年，小种类群以ZA和ZB为主，主要的优势小种为ZB13，和ZA1，频率分别为17．65％和11．76％；在稻瘟病中发偏轻的2007年和2008年，小种类群及优势小种的构成均较为一致，2年中小种类群均以ZB为主，如2008年优势小种为ZB15和ZB13频率分别为18．92％和10．81％；试验结果同时表明，同一穗瘟病标本中不同单孢菌株的生理小种不同，并讨论江西省稻瘟病菌生理小种的年度动态变化。[著者文摘]

إنجليزي. 195 monoconidial cultures of the rice blast fungus （Magnaporthe grisea） sampled from 31 counties or cities in Jiangxi Province, China during 2006 - 2008 were isolated. The virulence of these isolates was assayed with 7 differentials. Forty races belonging to 6 groups could be differentiated, of which ZB group was the most prevalent group, the predominant races were ZB13 ,ZB15 ,ZB5 and ZA1 ,with the frequency of 14.36%, 13.33% ,6.67% and 6.67% respectively. There are some differences among predominant groups and races over the three years （2006 - 2008）. Most of the isolates belonged to ZA and ZB groups, and the predominant races were ZB13 and ZA1 , with the frequency of 17.65% and 11.76% respectively in 2006 when rice blast was in epidemic ; and the group and predominant races were similar over the years of 2007 - 2008 when the disease was moderately -light, most isolates belonged to ZB group, for instance, in 2008 the predominant races were ZB15 and ZB13 ,with the frequency of 18.92% and 10.81% respectively. The physiological races of different single isolates from the same sample were different. The dynamic of races over the three years is discussed in the paper.