Analysis of cytoplasmic effects on combining ability of yield of hybrid rice | 杂交水稻产量性状胞质效应的配合力分析

صينى. 研究不同杂交水稻产量性状的胞质效应配合力，为杂交水稻不育细胞质的多样性利用提供依据。以优质高配合力三系杂交水稻保持系803B为核供体，选择5个高配合力恢复系，比较5种不育胞质对杂交水稻产量、结实率、穗长、有效穗数、穗粒数、千粒质量等产量相关性状影响的配合力效应，并分析不同胞质对杂种F1代的遗传贡献率。细胞质效应在产量、有效穗数、穗长和千粒质量方面的差异达到了显著和极显著水平, 对穗粒数和结实率影响不显著; 同时，细胞质和恢复系互作对杂交水稻产量的遗传贡献率最大。A1、A2型细胞质和R1、R4恢复系是一般配合力效应较高的亲本，其组合中出现具有较高特殊配合力效应组合的几率也较大，JW803A/蜀恢527在所有杂交组合中产量最高。杂交水稻新质源JW型细胞质具有较高的产量一般配合力效应值，进一步发掘和利用JW型细胞质源，对选育高产杂交水稻组合及丰富杂交水稻遗传多样性具有重要的现实意义。

إنجليزي. Study on cytoplasmic effects of combining ability of yield traits of different hybrid rice aimed to provide the basis for the use of diversity in hybrid cytoplasm. Using three line hybrid rice maintain line 803B which is of high-quality and high combining ability as the nuclear donor, five high combining ability restorer lines were selected, five kinds of sterile cytoplasm on hybrid rice production, seed set, spike length, number of effective panicles, panicle grain number, grain weight and other yield-related traits combining ability effects compared, and the genetic contribution of different cytoplasm on the hybrid F1 analyzed. The results show that cytoplasmic effects on production, effective ear, ear length and grain weight differed significantly and very significantly, but no significant effect on spkelets panicle and seed set percentage was observed. Interaction between cytoplasm and restorer had the largest contribution to yield. JW-cytoplasmic had a high yield GCA values, and special combining ability effect value. JW803A/Shuhui527 had the maximum yield. Hybrid rice new cytoplasm JW has high production of general combining ability effects, and further exploration of and utilization of JW cytoplasm on breeding high-yield hybrid rice combinations and rich genetic diversity of hybrid rice has important practical significance.