Effects of fertilization on photosynthetic physiological characteristics in maize of high yield variety with different planting density | 施肥对不同密度型高产玉米品种光合生理特性的影响

صينى. 揭示不同密度型高产品种玉米叶片光合特性及施肥对光合特性的影响。采用田间试验以具有高产潜力的玉米品种郑单958和东单90为材料,研究了不同施肥条件下高产玉米品种生育后期穗位叶光合生理特性的影响。结果表明：随着生育期的推进,光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cond）降低,胞间CO2（Ci）浓度升高,叶绿素含量（SPAD值）和可溶性蛋白则呈先升高后降低的趋势;NPK处理下各测定时期两品种玉米的产量、光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cond）、叶绿素含量和可溶性蛋白含量均最高;其中东单90品种各光合生理参数均比郑单958高。施氮肥能延缓叶片衰老,提高光合速率,施钾肥明显提高CO2传输能力。NPK施肥能促进Pn提高是由于有较强的CO2传输能力和CO2同化能力综合作用的结果。

إنجليزي. The photosynthetic characteristics of the high-yield maize varieties in different density and the effect of feritlizer on photosynthetic characteristics were revealed.Based on the maize of high-yield-variety ZD958 and DD90,the effects of different fertilizations on photosynthetic physiological characteristics in leaves on ear positon of maize at late stage were studied.Results showed that photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Cond） decreased whereas intercellular CO2 concentration（Ci） increased,the chlorophyll contents（SPAD value） and soluble protein contents increased firstly then decreased with growth stage.Under the treatment of NPK,the yield,Pn,Cond,SPAD value and soluble protein contents at the heading stage,filling stage and maturity stage were all the highest.DD90 of parameters of photosynthesis were higher than ZD958,but there were no significant differences on yields.Nitrogen could delay leaf senescence and increase the Pn,Potassium could significantly improve the ability to transmission CO2.Applications of nitrogen,phosphorus and postassium could improve Pn that was due to the relative improved coordination among the conductance of CO2 at air phase and liquid phase.