Primary report on organic cultivation technique of Brassica campestris in tropical islands of China_ | 我国热带海岛地区油菜有机栽培技术初探_

صينى. ［目的］探索适宜于热带海岛地区的油菜栽培技术。［方法］通过油菜有机栽培试验探索了适宜于热带海岛地区的蔬菜生产技术。［结果］椰糠基质栽培系统由环境调控系统、蔬菜栽植系统和肥水供给系统组成。智能系统自动感应温度和辐照度对遮阳网实现展开和收拢控制。智能系统自动感应降雨和风速对天窗实现开闭控制。苗期防苗徒长；3~4叶期定植；每隔5 d滴灌1次天方黑宝200倍液，0.2 L/株，或叶面喷施天方黑宝200~300倍液或亿安神力500倍液作为营养补充；苗期主要防治猝倒病，成熟采收期主要防治软腐病；防治虫害主要有小菜蛾、斜纹夜蛾、菜粉蝶、潜叶蝇、萝卜蚜等；35~50 d后可收获无病、虫斑植株。［结论］该试验为热带海岛地区的蔬菜生产及解决驻岛官兵的“吃菜难”问题提供了技术支持。_

إنجليزي. ［Objective］ The research aimed to explore the suitable cultivation technique of Brassica campestris for tropical islands. ［Method］ The suitable vegetable production technique for tropical islands was explored through organic cultivation experiment on B. campestris. ［Result］ The coconut-dust medium cultivation system was composed of environment regulation system, vegetable cultivation system and fertile-water supplying system. The intelligent system automatically sensed temperature and irradiance and then realized unfolding and folding control on sunshade net. It also automatically sensed precipitation and wind speed and then realized opening and closing control on skylight. The useless growth of seedlings in seedling stage was controlled, field planting was carried out in its 3-4 leaf stage; the 200 times solution of Tianfangheibao was fertilized once every 5 d through drip irrigation and the fertilization amount was 0.2 L/plant or the 200~300 times solution of Tianfangheibao or 500 times solution of Yi’anshenli was sprayed on leaves as nutritional supplement; the main disease needing to be controlled was damping-off in seedling stage and soft rot in mature and harvest stage; the main pests needing to be controlled were Plutella xylostella, Prodenia litura, Pieris rapae, leaf-mining flies, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and so on; the plants without disease and pest spots could be harvested after 30-50 d. ［Conclusion］ This experiment supplied technical support for vegetable production of tropical islands and solving edible vegetable-difficulty of officers and soldiers staying on islands.