Tree growth, cropping and fruit quality of sweet cherry cultivar 'Kordia' grafted on Gisela 5 rootstock in two variants of soil mulching and on herbicide strips
2009
Blazkova, J.,Vyzkumny a Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, Holovousy (Czech Republic) | Hlusickova, I.,Vyzkumny a Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, Holovousy (Czech Republic) | Drahosova, H.,Vyzkumny a Slechtitelsky Ustav Ovocnarsky, Holovousy (Czech Republic)
Tree growth, cropping and fruit quality of the sweet cherry cultivar Kordia grafted on the dwarf rootstock Gisela 5 were evaluated in three different variants of the soil management of strips under canopy of trees. The first variant (control one) was a strip kept clean using herbicides, the second one was mulching by spruce bark and the third one was mulching by geotextile. Tree vigour in the first season after planting was very strong in the both variants of soil mulching. No tree died there, whereas 13.8% of trees died under the herbicide strip during the first three years after planting. Vigour of trees was somewhat reduced since the third year after planting under mulching by geotextile. In the 5th year they had the shortest mean length of new shoots while no statistical difference in the length was found between the remaining two variants. Nitrogen concentration in the dry matter of leaves was reduced under mulching by geotextile since the fourth year after planting and in 2008 it was by 17% lower in the control variant with herbicides. Trees planted in geotextile mulching went distinctly slower into dormancy. The length of new central shoots was longer in all variants than the length of the central shoots that developed after removal of competitive shoots by pinching. Time of flowering of trees mulched by spruce bark was nearly one day earlier in comparison with trees in the control variant. Trees mulched by spruce bark had the highest yields in all years. Yield efficiency calculated for canopy volume unit and tree cross-section-area unit were the highest on trees growing in geotextile mulching while in those growing in control variant with herbicides were the lowest. Trees mulched by spruce bark had higher mean fruit weight, whereas no difference was in the characteristic in the reminding two variants. Cracking of fruits was lower in the both variant of mulching in comparison with the control variant. Fruits from trees growing in geotextile mulching had the highest content of sugar.
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