Investigating the chemical and mechanical effect on the seed dormancy breakage and germination of Rosa damascena Mill

Rosa damascena Mill belongs to the family of Rosaceae. It can grow in some vegetative methods such as tiller, hard wood cutting, semi hard wood cutting, grafting, and cografting.These methods were not adequet for some of hybridation investigation and genetic investigations, and it is necessary to recognize the flowers structure and seed germination.In this research, the effect of different mechanical and chemical treatments on seed dormancy and its germination in Rosa damascena Mill. is studied in terms of factorial design and based on completely randomized design with 24 treatments is used. Treatments consisted of the use of control, 96% and 50% sulfuric acid for 10, 20 and 30 minutes, 50 mgl-1 citric acid, 0.05 M and 0.01 M giberellic acid, 0.05 M calcium nitrat, 50 mgl-1 citric acid and 0.05 M giberellic acid mixed, 50 mgl-1 citric acid and 0.05 M giberellic acid mixed for 45 minutes, in durations of 24 and 48 hours. This treatment was done in three periods of 3,6 and 9 months with the temperature of 2-4°c. Results show that the best treatment in a three month period would be the combination of 50 mgl-1 citric acid and 0.05 M giberellic acid and 50 mg/lit citric acid with 45 minutes scarification will result in 29.16% and 20.83% respectively. In six months stratification 50 mgl-1 citric acid and 0.05 M giberellic acid combined with 24 hours scarification and 0.05 M calcium nitrat with 48 hours scarification will result in 87.5%, 83.33% respectively. In nine months stratification 0.05 M calcium nitrat with 24, 48 hours scarification, and 0.01 M giberellic acid with 48 hours scarification, will result in 95.33%, 79.16% and 79.16% respectively. The last treatment resulted in the best germination perecentage. But in three, six and nine months stratification do not have any affects on the seed germination Rosa damascena Mill. Treatments of 96% sulfuric acid with the duration of 10, 30 minutes, scarification and 50% sulfuric acid with 30 minutes, scarification and 50 mgl-1 citric acid, 0.01 M giberellic acid combined with 24 hours scarification. 0.05 M giberellic acid with the duration of 45 minutes and 24 hours scarification, did not have any effects on the germination of Rosa damascena Mill