Zero emissions biorefinery | Biomasas bezatkritumu biorafinēšana
2009
Gravitis, J., Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia) | Tupciauskas, R., Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia) | Abolins, J., University of Latvia, Riga (Latvia). Inst. of Atomic Physics and Spectroscopy | Veveris, A., Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia) | Alksnis, B., Latvian State Inst. of Wood Chemistry, Riga (Latvia)
The studies were intended to demonstrate the properties of hot-pressed self-binding fibre board obtained from steam exploded wood chips and use of sulphur-free lignin extracted from steam exploded biomass in birch plywood binders. Results of sample tests showed the obtained samples complying with requirements of EU standards for boards and binders. Thermodynamic modelling of energy flows at steam explosion pre-treatment of biomass showed that the amount of energy necessary for processing unit mass of the absolutely dry content of wood biomass is within 10% of the heat content of air-dry wood. Wood products from sample growths of birch (Betula) and grey alder (Alnus incana) were tested particularly attention being paid to wood composites of the latter as prospective local fast-growing species. The use of lignin as additive to or substitute for commercial phenol binders made from non-renewable resources is essential maintaining the costs of wood composites stable under conditions of growing oil prices. The studies of the softening temperature of lignin extracted from steam exploded wood showed it to be within the range of 137 - 157 deg C. The size of steam-exploded biomass fibres depends on duration, temperature, and pressure at the steam explosion treatment and on the number of post-treatment operations at fractionation and extraction. The average length to width ratio of steam-exploded fibres was found to be about 30 the length of fibres being decreased by the treatment while the width maintained as of natural fibres.
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