Study of the milk protein genetic characterization in Latvian dairy cattle breeds populations
2010
Smiltina, D., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology. Lab. of Molecular Genetic Research | Balins, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology. Lab. of Molecular Genetic Research | Grislis, Z., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Agriculture. Inst. of Agrobiotechnology. Lab. of Molecular Genetic Research
The aim of this study in Laboratory of Molecular Genetic Research of Faculty of Agriculture in LLU was to perform an initial characterization of milk quality at the protein level of β-casein (CSN2) alleles A1 (CSN2A1) and A2 (CSN2A2) and also at the protein level of κ-casein (CSN3) in two different Latvian cattle breeds (Latvian Brown and Latvian Blue). A wide variation in the CSN3 allele B frequency among Latvian Blue (LZ) and Latvian Brown (LB) breeds was found suggesting that the molecular selection for animals carrying the allele B could impact breeding programs for dairy production in Latvia. The genotyping of CSN2 alleles A1 and A2 is of the practical importance since the CSN2A1 associated with the liberation of β -casomorphin-7 and other bioactive peptides with the opioid nature and cause of human non-communicable diseases. The relatively high incidence of the CSN2 allele A2 is characterisation for the Latvian cows breed populations and this special allele distribution could be used to develop selection strategies to breed specialised lines of Latvian local breeds. The results obtained are as follows: the LB breed (n=96) allele's frequency of CSN2A1 is 0.703, the LZ breed (n=95) allele's frequency of CSN2A1 is 0.811.
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