Breeding potential of wild Vicia species
2008
Ćupina, B., Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Mikić, A., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Krstić, Đ., Faculty of Agriculture, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Mihailović, V., Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad (Serbia) | Hauptvogel, P., Research Institute of Plant Production, Pieštany (Slovak Republic)
Vetches are largely present in the flora of Serbia and are regarded as one of the oldest forage crops in the country. The Annual Forage Legumes Collection (AFLCNS) of the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad is constantly enriched with the wild populations of Serbian origin, collected mostly in the region of Novi Sad and the mountain of Fruska Gora. By the end of 2008, AFLCNS had 1.276 accessions of 22 vetch species. The majority of the collected accessions belong to large-flowered vetch (Vicia grandiflora), narrow-leafed vetch (Vicia sativa subsp. nigra) and hairy vetch, with all three extremely widespread not only in the countryside, but also in urban areas, such as Belgrade or Novi Sad. In a long-term evaluation of the most important agronomic characteristics, the wild populations of majority of vetch species, especially of large flowered, narrow-leafed and hairy vetch, have shown a high level of variability of the characteristics of agronomic importance related to forage and may be regarded as having a considerable potential for the development of the first Serbian cultivars of these species, suitable for forage production and green manure. Although the main obstacles of the breeding program with wild vetches population remain indeterminate stem growth, non-uniform maturity, pod dehiscence and large proportion of hard seeds, it may be expected that genotypes with desirable characteristics are able to be found, isolated and used in hybridization.
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