Ecological and chorological analysis of weed flora of raspberry plantations in Serbia
2011
Stanković-Kalezić, R., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia) | Jovanović, V., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia) | Janjić, V., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia) | Radivojević, Lj., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia) | Šantrić, Lj., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia) | Gajić-Umiljendić, J., Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade (Serbia)
From the aspects of production potential and cost-effectiveness, raspberry is the most important berry fruit in Serbia. The production of raspberries in our country began in the 1920s and was continually growing throughout the second half of the 20th century, still remaining a highly ranked choice of fruit growers. Raspberry is usually grown on plantations of average area smaller than 2000 square meters, owned by individual farmers. The largest quantities of raspberries are produced in the western part of Serbia, with Valjevo and Arilje-Ivanjica areas being the leaders. Raspberry is susceptible to numerous harmful organisms, weeds being among the predominant ones. If out of control, they can be very harmful to raspberry plantings not only as competitors for nutrients and water, but also as fertile grounds for development of other harmful organisms (pathogens and pests). In order to identify weed flora of raspberry plantations, three major raspberry production areas (Valjevska Kamenica, Arilje and Aleksandrovac) were investigated. The results led to identification of 65 taxa at the rank of species and subspecies from 55 genera and 26 families. The predominant families were Asteraceae, Poaceae and Lamiaceae, which is consistent with their abundance in flora of the whole Serbia. Life forms in the flora of investigated areas revealed its hemicryptophyte and terophyte character. Terophytes were slightly predominant with 31 species or 47.69% of total species number, while hemicryptophyte were represented with 26 taxa i.e. 40% which indicates the high level of anthropogenic influence. Vegetative and geographical analysis resulted in identification of 3 areal types and 7 areal groups. Holartic and Cosmopolitan areal types were in co-dominant relation as the first one was represented by 27 species or 41.54% of the total species number, and the latter with 26 taxa, that is 40%. Adventive areal type ranked third, with 8 species, that is, 13.13% of total number of species.
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