Современная технология получения плодово-ягодной продукции с усиленными постоянно действующими защитными механизмами
2009
Murashev, S.V., St. Petersburg State Univ. of Low-Temperature and Food Processes (Russian Federation) | Verzhuk, V.G., The N.I. Vavilov All-Russia Research and Development Inst. of Plant Growing, St. Petersburg (Russian Federation)
Ability of fruits and berries to a long-term storage can be determined 2-3 months before harvesting by assessing the antioxidant capacity of leaves, which mainly depends on a content of carotenoids. Optical properties of leaves of apple (the cultivar Belyj Naliv), pear (Chizhovskij) and Japanese quince are studied to determine carotenoid content. A wavelength of 550 nano meters is used for this, since the most noticeable differences in reflectance spectra of leaves in this range are caused by the functions of carotenoids exclusively. Fruit natural loss after harvesting is determined for the period of storage at temperature 1-3 deg C. An inverse relationship between optical density of leaves at a wavelength of 550 nm and diminution of fruit weight is found out. If the results of early diagnosis of crop quality are unsatisfactory, then it is recommended to use growth regulators for normalization of fruit forming. For example, plant treatment by glycine during budding stimulates the activity of adaptive mechanisms. These are not related to biosynthesis of highly toxic substances in contrast to the inducible ones
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