Checklist of Entomophaguses of the Scelionidae Family (Hymenoptera, Platygastroidea) Parasites on Eggs of Polyphagous Butterflies
2012
Petrov, S., Agricultural University, Plovdiv (Bulgaria)
Polyphagous butterflies are serious pests in fruit-tree and broad-leaved plots in Europe. The most significant leaf-eating caterpillars in fruit-tree gardens in Europe (Zerova et al., 1989) and Bulgaria are the Lymantria dispar L., Malacosoma neustria L., Euproctis chrysorrhoea L., Orgya antique L., Orgya gonostigma L., Dasychira pudibunda L., Hyphantria cunea Drury, Aporia crataegi L. The species of entomophaguses for the different types of poluphagous pests is long and includes several hundred species. E.g. the complex of entomophaguses for Lymantria dispar L. in Europe includes about 200 species: for Euproctis chrysorrhoea L. – about 90 species, for Malacosoma neustria L. – about 100 species, for Hyphantria cunea Drury – more than 100 species (Zerova et al., 1989). The complex of entomophaguses limiting the number of the abovementioned pests is characterized by a significant number of common species. There is greatest similarity between the complexes of parasites for Lymantria dispar L., Malacosoma neustria L., Euproctis chrysorrhoea L. and Hyphantria cunea Drury. Together with the significant number of common species, however, there are also registered specialized parasite species trophically connected only with a specific pest or having a tropic preference for it. Eggs also get parasites from Trichogramma as well as from species of the Telenomus genus. From the telenomuses mentioned in the list, the registration of Telenomus tenuicoris Th., found in apple gardens of Ukraine (Zerova et al., 1989), needs confirmation. The fauna list includes 7 species of the Telenomus genus caught by means of Malaise trap in apple-tree plots of Agricultural University – Plovdiv. For each of the species we provide a complete list of the synonyms, give information about its biology (if vailable) and present distribution of entomophags in Europe and the Palearctic.
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