Comparative biological value and amino acid composition of cereal and leguminous crops depending on application of mineral fertilizers | Параўнальная біялагічная каштоўнасць і амінакіслотны склад збожжавых і збожжаваструкавых культур у залежнасці ад выкарастання мінеральных угнаенняў
2011
Bosak, V.M., Belarus State Technological Univ., Minsk (Belarus) | Kalaskova, T.V., National Academy of Sciences (Belarus). The Scientific and Practical Center for Bioresources | Minyuk, V.M., Belarus State Technological Univ., Minsk (Belarus) | Martsul, V.M., Grodno Zonal Institute of Plant Growing, Shchuchin (Belarus)
During cultivation of cereal crops and legumes great attention is paid to crop yield level along with quality of seeds, used as human foods, animal feeds and raw materials for food industry. The most important characteristic of the seeds is protein content. Utilization of different fertilizers influences not only protein content, but also protein quality. Some agro-technical measures are able to promote number of protein fractions or amino acids. Protein content appears an essential index of food and feed quality of seeds, but the level of digestible protein is another characteristic of seeds' value. The research shows that application of mineral fertilizers to sod-podzol soils promotes the increase of the content of limiting and essential amino acids in the grain of cereals and leguminous crops. The levels of lysine, threonine, methionine and some other irreplaceable amino acids are analyzed in control group (without mineral fertilization) and in experimental group (during application of mineral fertilizers) under soybean (Glycine max) of Prypyat variety, common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) of Magura variety, broad bean (Vicia faba) of Belaruskie variety, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) of Nadzeya variety, winter triticale (Triticosecale) of Mikhas variety, winter rye (Secale cereale) of Pakhauchanka variety, spring wheat of Ivalga variety and spring triticale of Uzor variety. Biological quality of protein is analyzed for these crops. The grain of soy, vegetable legumes and winter triticale turns to be the best in respect of balance of amino acid composition and biological value of protein which corresponds to the standards recommended by FAO and WHO on the content of essential amino acid.
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