Effect of maternal feed restriction on serum lipid metabolism during embryo period | 母鸡限饲对子代胚胎期脂类代谢相关血液指标的影响

صينى. 目的研究肉种鸡产蛋期限饲对子代胚胎期脂肪代谢相关血清生化指标和激素水平的影响。方法分别选用东北农业大学自繁高、低脂系肉种母鸡各384只，分为两个处理组。产蛋期：处理组一饲喂正常日粮，处理组二饲喂量是正常组的75%，产蛋高峰期收集种蛋并进行孵化。子代按照母代分组收集种蛋，每组150枚，分别于13、15、17和19胚龄取血。结果母代限饲显著降低了血清中13胚龄总胆固醇（CHO）、甘油三酯（TG）和4个胚龄低脂系低密度脂蛋白含量（P＜0.05）；显著提高了19胚龄高密度脂蛋白（HDL）和低脂系13、15胚龄血清中葡萄糖（G）的含量（P＜0.05）。母代限饲显著降低血清中15胚龄高脂系和19胚龄胰高血糖素（GLU）的含量、13、15和19胚龄胰岛素（INS）含量、13和15胚龄的瘦素（LEP）含量（P＜0.05）；4个胚龄中，限饲组血清生长激素（GH）水平总体低于正常饲喂组。结论肉种母鸡产蛋期限饲能够直接影响子代胚胎期的血液生化和激素水平，这种影响在13胚龄就已经产生；胚胎期血液生化指标在品系间表现出了不同的趋势。

إنجليزي. Objective An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of maternal feed restriction on the offspring embryo period serum biochemical indices and hormone levels in relation to lipid metabolism. Method Three hundred and eighty-four fat line and 384 lean line broiler breeders bred by Northeast Agricultural University were respectively divided into two groups. During the laying period, group one was fed normally, and the daily feed intake of group two was 75% of group one. The eggs were collected and hatched when the laying rate rose to the peak. After collecting 150 eggs according to each maternal group, blood samples were taken at 13 embryonic day (E), 15E, 17E and 19E. Result The results showed that the maternal feed restriction significantly decreased the concentration of CHO and TG in serum of 13 embryonic day (E) and LDL in serum of 15E (P＜0.05); While, the maternal feed restriction significantly increased the concentration of HDL in serum of 19E and G in low fat line of 13E and 15E (P＜0.05). The maternal feed restriction significantly decreased the concentration of GLU in serum of 15E high fat line, 19E and INS of 13E, 15E and 19E and LEP of 13E and 15E (P＜0.05). During four days, serum GH level of feed restriction group was generally lower than the normal feeding group. Conclusion The results demonstrated that maternal feed restriction on the laying period directly affected serum lipid metabolism in embryo period and the effect occurred in 13E. Different trends of serum biochemical indices were found in different breeders.