Comparing mulches, herbicides, and cultivation as orchard groundcover management systems.

agricultura de bajo insumo agriculture faible niveau intrants agua del suelo campagnol control cultural control de plagas cost benefit analysis crecimiento croissance crop yield cultural control eau du sol escarda fertilidad del suelo feuille film plastique growth herbicidas herbicide herbicides hojas huerto frutal leaves low input agriculture lutte antiravageur lutte culturale malus pumila mulch mulches new york nueva york nutritive value orchards pest control plastic film rendement des cultures rendimiento de cultivos soil fertility soil water topillos valeur nutritive valor nutritivo verger voles weed control