Urban air quality management strategy in Asia : Jakarta report
Shah, Jitendra J. | Nagpal, Tanvi [editors]
Tremendous growth in the human population, numbers of vehicles, and industrial development in the Jabotabek region have led to a significant deterioration in air quality in Jakarta. Near the main roads, in the most industrialized and polluted areas, annual TSP (total suspended particle) averages are 5 to 6 times the national air quality standard. High ozone concentrations indicate that secondary pollutants have developed as a result of nitrous oxide and VOC (volatile organic compounds) emissions. Applying the essential components of an air quality management system to Jakarta's pollution problem, the report suggests an action plan listing abatement measures for the short, medium, and long terms. Recommended actions fall under two categories: institutional and technical. A single institution with a clear mandate and sufficient resources should be made responsible for air quality management in the city. In addition, data gathering and processing capabilities should be improved. It is crucial that gross polluters be identified and penalized, diesel quality improved, and low-lead or unleaded gasoline made cheaper than leaded to encourage its use. Clean vehicle emissions standards should be introduced for all vehicle classes and enforced by vehicle inspection and maintenance. The sulfur content of heavy fuel should be reduced. Finally, awareness-raising through public and private organizations is key to bringing about policy changes.
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