Effects of straw returned to the field on growth and water use efficiency of maize in lime concretion black soil region | 砂姜黑土区秸秆还田对玉米生育及水分利用效率的影响

صينى. 摘　　要：为了在淮北砂姜黑土区推广小麦玉米秸秆全量还田技术,采用大田定位试验,设置小麦玉米秸秆不还田、小麦玉米秸秆单季还田和小麦玉米秸秆两季还田4种秸秆还田方式,研究了小麦、玉米秸秆全量粉碎还田对机播夏玉米出苗、生育、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明：小麦玉米秸秆两季还田处理2008和2009年玉米出苗数分别比对照高3.25%和11.98%;出苗均匀度、株高整齐度、幼苗素质和耕层土壤含水率均高于对照,最终2008和2009年玉米产量分别较对照提高了7.92%、9.51%,土壤水分利用效率分别提高了8.15%、9.48%。可见,砂姜黑土区小麦玉米秸秆两季全量还田有利于玉米生长发育,提高籽粒产量。

إنجليزي. The effects of straw returned to the field which including no straw returning（CK）,wheat straw returning（T1）,maize straw returning（T2） and wheat and maize straw returning（T3） on emergence,growth,yield and water use efficiency of maize under field location condition to generalize the techniques of total straw of wheat and maize returned to the filed in lime concretion black soil region of Huaibei plain.The results showed that to compared with CK,the maize emergence number of T3 were increased by 3.25% and 11.98% in 2008 and 2009,respectively.The emergence rate,emergence uniformity,evenness of plant height,seedling quality and soil water content of T3 were higher than that of CK,which created a good population growth condition for maize,thus the population leaf area index and dry matter accumulation of that were improved.Finally,be compared with CK,the yield of T3 were increased by 7.92% and 9.51% while water use efficiency of that were increased by 8.15% and 9.48% in 2008 and 2009,respectively.Therefore,under the condition of wheat/maize straw returned in two seasons,the growth and grain yield of maize could be improved.