The ladybird beetle Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) as a possible predator of grape phylloxera Daktulosphaira vitifoliae (Hemiptera: Phylloxeridae)
2013
Koegel, S., Julius Kuehn Inst., Siebeldingen (Germany). Inst. for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture | Schieler, M., Julius Kuehn Inst., Siebeldingen (Germany). Inst. for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture | Hoffmann, C., Julius Kuehn Inst., Siebeldingen (Germany). Inst. for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture
In this study, the consumption and developmental parameters of H. axyridis and C. septempunctata fed on D. vitifoliae were determined in the laboratory. In a field trial, the occurrence of H. axyridis on grapevines with or without leaf galls of D. vitifoliae was compared. In contrast to C. septempunctata, H. axyridis was able to complete its development using D. vitifoliae as a source of food. In addition, adult H. axyridis consumed significantly more D. vitifoliae eggs than C. septempunctata. Within 24 h H. axyridis consumed up to 1,400 eggs of D. vitifoliae. However, based on the fitness parameters developmental time, percentage survival and adult weight, this diet was less suitable for H. axyridis than the eggs of Ephestia kuehniella. During field observations over a period of two years H. axyridis was repeatedly observed feeding on grape phylloxera leaf galls, which indicates that H. axyridis uses grape phylloxera as prey. H. axyridis was significantly more abundant on leaves with leaf galls of D. vitifoliae than on leaves without galls. C. septempunctata was rarely found on grape leaves with or without leaf galls. These results indicate that overall H. axyridis, unlike C. septempunctata, is a predator of D. vitifoliae and could potentially reduce grape phylloxera numbers in vineyards.
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