Physiological effects of bio and organic fertilization on Nigella sativa L. plant

This research was carried out in Reseach Center of Fac, Agric. At Moshtohor under supervision of Plant Physiology, Agric, Botany Dept., Faculty of Agric., Cairo University. This research was conducted to investigate the effects of biofertilization with Mycorrhizae (Glomus macrocarpus fungus) or Azotobacter (Nitrobein) and organic manure (cattle) on plant growth, seed or shoot minerals content, seed yield, oil seed content, leaf chlorophyll (a and b) and carotene contents as well as the intensity and infection (%) for mycorrhizal fungus inside roots of Nigella sativa I. Plants grown under two levels of (NPK) mineral fertilizers, i.e. 50 and 100% of the recommended were by Egyptian Ministry of Agric. The mature seeds were planted in clay. loamy soil inoculated with biofertilizers and organic manure and interaction between them and treated with chemical (NPK) fertilizers. The data obtained indicated that mycorrhizal fungus or Nitrobeinor organic manure applied alone or in combination under half or full NPK fertilizers treatment gave the best significant results on shoot and root dry weight, leaf and seed minerals contents (N, P, K, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn), seed yield per plant and feddan, seed oil (%) contents (volatile, crude, total oil), leaf chlorophyll (a and b) and carotene content as well as leaf sugars content as compared to control plants fertilized with chemical NPK fertilizers either half or the recommended full dose, Generally, treatments under the full dose (NPK) fertilizers improved the obtained results under study, i.e, the seed yield per plant and feddan, leaf microelements content and seed macroelements content comparing with the plants fertilized studied with the half dose (NPK) fertilizers, while the contrast was true when concerning the No. of mycelium, vesicals and arbuscules spores of mycorrhizal fungus inside black cumin roots. Generally, it may be recommended using G. macrocarpus fungus + Nitrobein + organic manure with the half dose (NPK) fertilizers treatment for reducing the hazardous effects of minerals fertilizers.