Drought tolerance evaluation of rice with different water supply and cultivated under vinyl house
2011
Junaedi, A. | Tubur, W. | Chozin, M.A. | Santosa, E. | Lubis, I., Bogor Agricultural Univ., JI. Meranti, Kampus IPB. Darmaga, Bogor 16680 (Indonesia). Dept of Agronomy and Horticulture
Global warming may lead to climate change that causes deficit or excess water in rice cultivation. Drought tolerant varieties may have good opportunity as a reasonable option to overcome water stress condition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of limited water supply toward growth and production of eight rice genotypes, namely IR64, IPB 97-F-15, Ciherang, Menthik Wangi, and Rokan hybrid (lowland type), Jati Luhur, Silugonggo (upland type), and Way Apo Buru (amphibian type, that could be planted both as lowland and upland). Rice seedlings at 14 days old were transplanted in pond with massive walls (4m length, 3 m width and 0.8m depth), 1 plant per hole and 2 raw per variety, with spacing 20cm to 20cm. The experiment was conducted in a vinyl house, with four replications. Water was supplied by irrigation pipe with inlet and outlet per pond as treatment: W3(watering till 3 weeks after transplanting, WAT), W6 (watering till 6 WAT), W9 (watering till 9 WAT), and control (watering during rice growing). Plant height, leaves number, tiller number, leaves chlorophyll content, stomata number, and photosynthetic activity were observed periodically. Yield and yield component were observed at harvest time. Drought sensitivity was observed by scoring index, and drought tolerant index were calculated as productivity achieved ratio to control in each rice variety. The results showed that rice variety having different level in drought sensitivity and drought tolerant index. IR 64 variety showed the most sensitive to drought, whereas Jatiluhur variety showed the most tolerant one. From this research, a bioassay method for screening of rice tolerance to water stress in naturally growing conditions was proposed.
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