[Annual Grasses in Cotton Field and their Resistance to Trifluralin]
2012
Alsaleh,B.
Weeds are the major threats causing reduction in crop production in quantity and quality. In cotton crop, weeds control often depend on chemical control using Trifluralin herbicide. The field experiments were conducted at the extension fields in Edlib_ Syria in 2008 season and laboratory experiments at the Laboratory of weeds- Department of Plant Protection- Faculty of Agriculture- Damascus University in 2009. The investigation aimed to survey the weed species in cotton fields and detect the presence of weed resistance to Trifluralin in cotton fields in Syria. Fields experiments included survey of weed species that persist in the field after herbicide treatment. Weed seeds of those species were collected and grown later in vitro in petri dishes, and in pots to confirm their resistance. Petri dishes were treated by Trifluralin at 3 different rates: field rate (1.5 L/ha.) and 1 and 2 L/ha. while in pots only field rate was used. Results showed the presence of many broad leaves weed species grown with cotton after herbicide treatment, like: Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthu retroflexus , Chenopodium album, Physalis alkekengi and Solanum nigrum. and further experiments showed the tolerance of their seeds to higher rate of Trifluralin. The annual grasses were less common in cotton field and only two species were recorded: Echinochloa colona and Setaria viridis and they were tolerated to field rate of Trifluralin, but not more. Bioassy analysis conducted on sensitive crops like wheat, bearly and resistance crop lentail. Bioassy analysis of soil samples indicated higher rate of residue in the field with irrigation type, dropping, and lowest in field with flooding irrigation. The residue affect the growth of wheat plants while the barley and lentil plants germinate later, as they get ride of the herbicid but less then the control
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