Single-cross hybrid corn breeding for high yield and high oil content
2011
Chokechai Aekatasanawan(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Inseechandrastitya Institute for Crops Research and Development. National Corn and Sorghum Research Center) E-mail:[email protected] | Chamaiporn Aekatasanawan(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Extension and Training Office. Training Division) | Noppong Chulchoho(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Inseechandrastitya Institute for Crops Research and Development. National Corn and Sorghum Research Center) | Sutat Plangkay(Kasetsart University, Bangkok (Thailand). Inseechandrastitya Institute for Crops Research and Development. Lopburi Research Station)
Corn oil has high polyunsaturated fatty acid content, high nutrition and health benefit. Thus, the objectives of this research was to improve the single- cross hybrids for high yield and high oil content with good agronomic traits for corn oil processing for national consumption and export. Field corn inbreds were selected and crossed with two elite high-oil inbreds Ki 41 and Ki 42. The selected singlecross hybrids were tested in the elite high-oil hybrid trial and two experimental high-oil hybrid trials. From combined data of yield trials at the National Corn and Sorghum Research Center and Lop Buri research station in the 2010 dry season, the elite single- cross hybrids KOSX 5301, KOSX 5303 and KOSX 5304 gave average yields of 6,919, 7,281 and 7,281 kg/ha, respectively (83.48, 87.86 and 87.86 percent of the field corn hybrid Suwan 4452, respectively) and oil contents of 4.97, 4.85 and 4.97 percent which were higher than Suwan 4452 (3.84 percent) by 29.43, 26.30 and 29.43 percent, respectively, with good agronomic traits. Moreover, the experimental high-oil hybrids KEOSX 1001, KEOSX 1003, KEOSX 1010, KEOSX 1016, KEOSX 1022, KEOSX 1026, KEOSX 1030 and KEOSX 1036 had average yields of 83.56, 91.40, 84.86, 83.84, 80.47, 84.49, 83.52 and 85.29 percent of Suwan 4452, respectively, and oil contents of 5.31, 5.55, 4.64, 5.32 and 4.71 percent which were higher than Suwan 4452 by 20.05, 26.30, 14.58, 38.28, 44.53, 20.83, 38.54 and 22.66 percent, respectively, with good agronomic traits. From the results, the mentioned single-cross hybrids have potential for high yield and oil content.
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