EFFECTS OF N＋ ION IMPLANTATION ON PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS I SUNFLOWER | N＋离子束注入对向日葵生理特性的影响

صينى. 离子束注入是用于植物和微生物品种改良及新品种、品系选育的一门被广泛应用的技术,离子束注入在向日葵中应用的相关报道非常少。本试验利用不同剂量的N＋离子束分别处理向日葵美二和星火种子,研究对其生理特性的影响。结果如下：随着处理剂量加大,向日葵种子变异的几率呈现出先升后降的趋势。发芽率和发芽势随着处理剂量的增加出现先逐渐降低最后又回升的趋势,星火对N＋离子束的耐受力比美二强,在更高的剂量处理下发芽率和发芽势才开始大幅下降。N＋离子束处理后,两种向日葵幼苗中的过氧化氢酶（Catalase,CAT）活性基本上均比对照高,并且星火中的CAT活性基本都比美二中的要高。超氧化物歧化酶（Superoxide dismutase,SOD）在不同品种中的表现不同,在美二中不同剂量处理后的幼苗体内SOD酶活性与对照相比均有大幅下降,而在星火中则有升有降,且经N＋离子束处理后星火中的SOD活性均高于美二。丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）含量总体来讲,处理后两个品种幼苗体内的MDA含量均高于对照,且美二体内的MDA含量要高于星火。试验结果表明：不同剂量N＋离子束处理会影响向日葵的发芽,加剧膜脂过氧化作用,激活体内清除活性氧自由基的酶活性。

إنجليزي. Ion implantation is widely used in variety breeding in plants and microbes.Few reports have applied ion implantation and examined its effects on sunflowers.We seek to examine the effects of different dosages of N＋ ion implantation on sunflower varieties,Xing-huo and Mei-er.The results are as follows： with the increase of the dosage of N＋ ion implantation,the numbers of mutated plants increased gradually and then decreased,while the germination rate and germination vigor decreased gradually and then increased.The germination rate and vigor in Xing-huo decreased sharply in higher dosage of N＋ ion implantation than in Mei-er.Thus Xing-huo showed more tolerance than Mei-er.After N＋ ion implantation,catalase（CAT） activities in both varieties are higher than the controls;moreover,the catalase activities in Xing-huo are higher than those in Mei-er.Superoxide dismutase（SOD） activities in Mei-er greatly dropped,while no obvious trend of SOD activities change was observed in Xing-huo.The SOD activities in Xing-huo are higher than those in Mei-er.The malondialdehyde contents in treated are higher than in the controls;Mei-er has more malondialdehyde than Xing-huo after treatment.In conclusion,N＋ ion implantation treatment can affect germination rate,increase membrane lipid peroxidation,and raise activities of enzymes clearing reactive oxygen species in sunflower.