Identification of differentially expressed genes in hypothalamus of chicken during cold stress | 冷应激引起鸡下丘脑基因表达谱差异分析

صينى. 为研究冷应激发生机制以及冷应激过程中下丘脑神经内分泌系统基因表达变化，选取28日龄淮南麻黄鸡为研究对象，采用全基因组表达谱芯片技术分析冷应激24h后下丘脑组织差异表达基因。通过比较淮南麻黄鸡冷应激24h前后下丘脑组织基因表达谱，表达倍数〉3倍的基因共877个，其中下调基因334个，主要涉及HAAO、CHRNA9及STAM2等信号转导接头分子基因的低表达；上调基因543个，主要为CCK、NPy及其受体基因、CAMK2A、SST及TRH等基因。对差异表达基因参与的生物学过程分析可见，在冷应激24h过程中，鸡下丘脑首先启动神经受体一配体相互作用，刺激鸡体产生采食欲望，随后启动脂质代谢途径以供应机体能量需求。在此过程中，Jak-STAT、Ca离子信号通路等一系列生物反应途径发生响应，以调节机体对寒冷应激的反应。差异表达基因的生物学通路分析为阐明鸡冷应激机理提供重要信息，差异表达基因分析有助于抗冷应激分子育种候选基因筛选。

إنجليزي. In order to discover the mechanism of cold stress and identify differentially expressed genes in hypothalamus during cold stress, Huainan partridge chickens with 28 days, the Chinese indigenous breed, were selected for 24 hours cold stress and then hypothalamus was isolated and labeled by reverse transcription reaction for cDNA. The labeled cDNA was hybridized with cDNA microarray for scanning and image processing. The different gene expression profiling of hypothalamus was investigated from Huainan partridge chicken including 334 down-regulated genes and 543 up- regulated genes. As for these differentially regulated genes, HAAO,CHRNA9 and STAM2, etc., which were involved in carbohydrate metabolism enzymes and signal transduction adapter,were significantly down-regulated, while genes like CCK,NPY and its receptor, CAMK2A, SST and TRH were significantly up-regulated. Through pathway analysis using Gene Ontology （GO）, and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genomics （KEGG）, during 24 hours cold stress, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction was firstly initiated in chickens for stimulation of central nerves for feed intake. Adipocytokine signaling pathway was also in high activation for supplementation of body energy. Jak-STAT, Ca2＋ signaling pathway and other biological reactions were also initiated in response to cold stress. The biological pathway analysis for cold stress would provide important Lnformation for clarifying the mechanism of cold stress and the differentially expressed genes would give much help for screening of candidate genes in breeding of cold stress resistant species.