Research on activities of antioxidant enzymes during pigment gland morphogenesis in cotton | 棉花腺体形成过程中抗氧化相关酶活性研究

صينى. [目的]研究棉花腺体形成过程中相关抗氧化酶的活性，深入了解该时期棉花的生理变化，为培育优良棉花品种提供科学依据。[方法]通过对3个棉花品种（川棉2802、湘棉18、显无N5）腺体形成时期棉酚含量及抗氧化酶活性的测定，研究了棉花的棉酚代谢及腺体的形成。[结果]腺体形成后，川棉2802在萌发初期其棉酚含量逐渐降低，萌发5 d后其棉酚含量缓慢升高；而湘棉18在种子萌发时期，其棉酚含量呈缓慢增长趋势，并逐渐接近川棉2802的棉酚含量。该结果表明，棉花在种子萌发时通过提高SOD、POD和CAT活性，去除超氧自由基，降低过氧化水平，来减小对膜的损害，增强机体抗脂质氧化能力，增加抗逆境能力。[结论]该研究为了解棉花腺体形成时期的特点及利用腺体性状的转育奠定了科学基础。

إنجليزي. [Objective] This study aimed to determine activities of antioxidant enzymes during gland morphogenesis in cotton, thoroughly explore physiological changes of cotton and provide a scientific basis for the cultivation of excellent cotton varieties. [Method] Based on determination of gossypol contents and antioxidant enzymes activities during gland morphogenesis in three cotton varieties (Chuanmian2802, Xiangmian18 and XianwuN5), metabolism of gossypol and morphogenesis of gland in cotton were explored. [Result] After gland morphogenesis, the content of gossypol in Chuanmian2802 was gradually reduced in the early period of seed germination, which had slowly increased since the 5th d after germination; however, during the seed germination period, the content of gossypol in Xiangmian18 had shown a slowly increasing trend and was gradually close to the content of gossypol in Chuanmian2802. The results showed that activities of SOD, POD and CAT had increased in seed germination, which was contributive to remove the superoxide radicals, decrease the peroxide level, reduce damages to the membrane, enhance the body's resistance to lipid oxidation and increase resistance ability to stress. [Conclusion] This study had laid the scientific foundation for understanding the characteristics of gland morphogenesis in cotton and cotton cultivation by using gland traits.