Combining ability and heterosis of the inbred lines in exotic maize population | 外来玉米群体选系的配合力及杂种优势研究

صينى. 为了认知外来玉米群体PF6J155选系的配合力差异以及配合力与杂种优势的关系，以12个外来玉米群体选系为母本、5个分属于不同杂优类群的代表系为父本，按照NCⅡ设计配成60个杂交组合，在辽宁省4个不同生态区裂区试验，分析自交系的一般配合力以及60个杂交种主要性状的特殊配合力和杂种优势。结果表明，外来玉米群体PF6J155选系之间的一般配合力（GCA）效应差别明显，单株产量GCA效应值高的自交系为ZL2116、ZL2436、ZL8344，其部分产量构成因子（穗长、行粒数、百粒重和出籽率）的GCA效应也较高，是表现比较理想的自交系；不同组合单株产量的特殊配合力（SCA）效应也不同，ZL8344×昌7-2在单株产量SCA和对照杂种优势方面都表现出较好的水平，可对其生产应用价值进一步试验鉴定。聚类分析结果表明，外来玉米群体PF6J155偏属于Reid种质，与塘四平头、旅大红骨和Lancaster具有较好的杂种优势，可形成一定的杂优模式。

إنجليزي. In order to compare with the combining ability and heterosis of the maize inbred lines from the exotic maize population (PF6J155), sixty crosses were composed according to NCⅡdesign using 12 inbred lines as female and five as male parents from different heterosis groups, and trailed under split block design at four locations in Liaoning province. The effects of combining ability on ear traits were evaluated in this research. The results showed that the significant differences in GCA effects existed among female parents. The inbred lines ZL2116, ZL2436 and ZL8344 were the highest in per plant yield GCA effect, and the GCA effects of the part of the yield components (ear length, kernel number, 100-seed weight and produced seed ratio) were higher than the other, they were more desirable inbred lines. The SCA effects were also significantly different among crosses, and the crosses ZL8344 × chang 7-2 had the highest SCA effects in per plant yield. The exotic maize population (PF6J155) was divided in Reid heterotic groups. Based on the experimental result, the main heterosis pattern of the exotic maize population was summarized, that was PF6J155 × Ludahonggu, PF6J155 × Tangsipingtou and PF6J155 × Lancaster.