The evolution of water policies in Egypt.

The message contains four sections in addition to the findings and recommendations and a summary in Arabic and another in English, in addition to the appendices and references. Part I is divided into two chapters: Chapter 1 of reference for the study review previous studies and research relevant to the subject of the study, Chapter ll: theoretical and analytical framework of the concepts and methods used in the study. The second section addressed the available water resources in Egypt and included two chapters, concerned with the first chapter: to study the demand on water resources in Egypt and the second chapter: show the water resources in Egypt and a balance between demand and supply, Part lll: has dealt with the evolution of agricultural policies and water in Egypt and included two chapters: Chapter I: the evolution of agricultural policies and structures in crop c. m. p, and the second chapter: Eat the development of water policies in the c. M. P, while taking Part IV: Economic Analysis of the optimal use of water resources in the agricultural sector and contains three chapters reviewed the first of them: the efficiency of transfer and delivery of water in agriculture in Egypt, while Chapter ll: efficient use of water resources in agriculture in Egypt according to the criteria partial efficiency, Chapter lll: has reviewed the optimal use of water resources using linear programming. This has indicated the results of statistical analysis of the efficiency criteria District for the winter crops in the new lands that the criteria are the first five agreed outcomes that onions come in first place followed by the garlic crop, but with respect to the standard net return and water unit has varied the order in which said crop of garlic in the first place while came crop onions in second, but for the summer crops in the new lands has indicated that the results of statistical analysis of the efficiency criteria District that according to the standard amount of water needed to produce a unit of the product can be arranged in summer crops as follows: potatoes, tomatoes, watermelon, eggplant, zucchini, pepper, respectively According to the criterion of return on the Fairy of the cost of irrigation came summer crops as follows: potatoes, melons, tomatoes, eggplant, zucchini, peppers. According to the standard unit cost of irrigation of summer crops produced came as follows: melons, potatoes, eggplant, tomatoes, zucchini, peppers. As for the standard rate for the cost of irrigation costs of college came summer crops as follows: potatoes, melons, eggplant, zucchini, tomatoes, peppers. According to the unit cost of water came summer crops as follows: watermelon, zucchini, eggplant, peppers, tomatoes: potatoes. Finally, according to the net return and water unit came summer crops in the new lands as follows: potatoes, tomatoes, watermelon, zucchini, eggplant, peppers. Which points to the need to reconsider the current crop structure commensurate with the efficient use of the water unit in the production of each of them. While the third chapter dealt with the optimal use of water resources using linear programming and experience this has been studying crop structure present and needs Mordah using the method of linear programming to determine the crop structure optimization to guide water resources in accordance with the conditions of Egyptian agriculture, have been studied a number I (7) scenarios and installation of crops, and through the fdings of the study results can recommend the following: Direction of water resources to achieve the maximization of return in general, and return the water unit in particular, give priority to water resources development projects from various sources with the intensification of contacts in Nile Basin countries to agree on the best way to speed the implementation of the proposed projects for the development of water resources of the Upper Nile, work on the agreement with the Government Sudan to take the steps necessary to complete the first phase of the channel Joes sons, which stopped working since the year 1983 due to security conditions in southern Sudan, the expansion of desalination of sea water one approaches the task in the increase of water resources in particular have brought international companies evolved considerably important in this field in some Gulf countries, the need to reduce the cultivation of crops with water consumption of high and gradually replaced with crops consuming less water with the use of genetic engineering to produce crops with water needs of the few, and adjust crop structure all the appropriate period of time in line with our water resources, installation of irrigation systems developed in the old lands and new to make the most of the irrigation water, rain and floods, the need to reconsider the crop structure present in proportion and the efficient use of the water unit in the production of each of them, is required to permit wild new land of the Nile water use spray irrigation or drip, and may not use flood irrigation with censorship complete on time use of these means, continue the policy of reuse of agriculture drainage water for irrigation after mixing with water of the Nile provided the validity of mixed water in terms of salinity and the degree of contamination after processing, attention to awareness information to farmers to raise awareness on the optimal use of water, and farmers participation in the work of irrigation development, and the establishment of field-covered banks, and management and maintenance of irrigation and drainage networks.