Evaluation of combustion properties of biomass mixtures
2014
Kakitis, A., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Ancans, D., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia) | Nulle, I., Latvia Univ. of Agriculture, Jelgava (Latvia)
The main resources for solid biofuel in rural areas of Latvia are wood, residues of cereal crops, reed canary grass, peat, hemp and emergent vegetation in lakes as common reeds (Phragmites australis L.). Reeds are environmentally friendly biofuel source with average calorific value 18.75 MJ•kgE-1 that is slightly less than the calorific value of wood, but higher than the average calorific value of straw. Growing of hemp can be a good alternative source for energy producing. Hemp is a phytosanitary plant that enables its introduction into each crop rotation, practically after any plant. In recent years, expanding Latvian reed canary grass production and in the near future it could be a major set of bioenergy resource. To ensure the environmental safety requirements, one of the most important rules are: any fuel, including reed, hemp and other cereal crop’s briquettes and pellets must be with the greatest possible net calorific value. This also means that the moisture content of the product be kept to a minimum. The ash content and the melting and sintering temperature are essential for good furnace operation. Increasing of the chlorine and sulphur content leads to increase the risk of equipment corrosion. The study found that the chlorine content of the reed fuel is less than 0.1 % and sulphur content is exceeding 0.16 %. The use of reed briquettes for heat production is with less risk of boiler corrosion than the use of straw briquettes. Ash melting temperature of the hemp exceeds 1400 ºC but ash melting temperature of the hemp-peat mixture decreases to 1150 ºC. It was stated that increasing peat content in biomass mixtures increases gross calorific value and of briquettes durability.
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