Performance of promising direct wet seeded breeding lines in the National Cooperative Test
2011
Barroga, W.V. | Manigbas, N.L. | Padolina, T.F. | Parinas, J.F. | Dancel, J.M. | Marcelo, P.N. | Rillon, J.P. | Bandonill, E.H. | Manangkil, O.E., Philippine Rice Research Inst. Maligaya, Science City of Muñoz, 3119 Nueva Ecija (Philippines)
A recent trend in rice production is marked with the shift from transplanted to direct seeded rice cultivation. The percentage of Filipino rice farmers adopting direct wet seeding in irrigated areas increased from 25% to 48% from 1992 to 1995 (Cruz, et al., 1996). At present, almost 40% of area under rice is direct wet-seeded and expected to further increase owing to rising labor costs, other economic factors, and decreasing profitability of rice production. Although, many farmers are adopted to direct seeded cultures, varieties specially bred for transplanted culture are being used. Since these varieties are not adopted to stresses in direct seeded environment, yield is reduced as compared to their natural habitat. Direct wet-seeded rice (DWSR) variety should have a good anaerobic germination and seedling vigor, resistant to lodging, insect and pest, good grain quality and high yield. However, varieties specifically bred to direct seeded cultivation and yet to be developed. In the National Cooperative Test (NCT), four breeding line were evaluated during the 2008 DS to 2010 DS. During the trial two lines showed good performance across test locations. PR34159-13-1 had an average yield of 5971 kg/ha which was higher than PSB RC82 but comparable with NSIC RC138. It was observed to be intermediate both under anaerobic stress and to bacterial leaf blight. On the other hand, PR36951-B-B-12 had an average yield of 5349 kg/ha which was lower than NSIC Rc122 but comparable with PSB Rc18 and it was tolerant to anaerobic stress and intermediate to blast. Among the lines evaluated in the NCT Phase 1, these two were ranked number 8 and were advanced to NCT Phase 2. Despite the complexity of traits needed in direct seeded system, these lines are in the pipeline that will constitute the first varieties bred specifically for direct seeded.
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