The expression response in transgenic GmHsFA1 soybean to the signals of heat and drought stress | 大豆热激转录因子GmHsFA1对高温和干旱信号的表达反应

صينى. 本研究将热激转录因子GmHsFA1基因构建在植物表达载体pCAMBIA3300中，以大豆子叶节作为受体，通过农杆菌介导法将热激转录因子GmHsFA1基因导入到高产品种黑农53中，获得一批转基因株系。采用Real-time PCR的方法对各代株系GmHsFA1基因的转录水平进行相对定量分析，确定转基因大豆中热激转录因子GmHsFA1的表达量明显提高。利用转热激转录因子GmHsFA1大豆研究了高温和干旱胁迫下，大豆热激转录因子GmHsFA1应对高温和干旱信号的基因表达，生理生化特性，光合特性及产量性状的变化反应，采用胁迫系数与灰色关联分析相结合方法，对转GmHsFA1基因大豆的耐热性和抗旱性进行综合鉴定和评价。结果表明：转热激转录因子GmHsFA1大豆品系在高温和干旱诱导条件下，大豆叶片中GmHsFA1、GmHSP70、GmHSP22和GmHSP17.9基因的表达量明显高于非转基因受体黑农53，叶肉细胞中的脯氨酸含量和可溶性糖含量明显高于受体，丙二醛含量增幅较小，叶片的光合特性受胁迫变化较小，光合特性能力和产量性状表现高于受体，表明过量表达的热激转录因子GmHsFA1大豆植株的耐热能力和抗干旱能力得到明显的提高。

إنجليزي. In this study, we inserted GmHsFA1 gene to dicotyledon expression vector pCAMBIA3300 that contains the selection marker gene bar, and pCAMBIA3300-GmHsFA1 has been transferred into new soybean lines Heinong5337 by Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The expression of GmHSFA1 have been analyzed in each generations of transgenic soybean by Real-time PCR, and overexpressing GmHsFA1 gene was demonstrated in transgenic plant. Photosynthetic characteristics (Pn, Cond, Ci, Tr), Physiological, biochemical (Pro, MDA, Wss) and yield traits of the GmHsFA1 and GmHSP70, GmHSP22, GmHSP17.9 were tested in transgenic soybean under the high temperature stress and drought stress. Stress coefficient analysis and grey related correlation analysis were introduced into this experiment, which provided comprehensive evaluation on heat tolerance and drought resistance of soybean materials. The results showed that the expression levels of GmHsFA1, GmHSP17.9, GmHSP22 and GmHSP70 in leaf blade of transgenic plants were notably higher than that in Heinong53 that is non-transgenic plant growing under normal condition or heat and drought introduction. Under the condition of stress, the content of soluble sugar (wss) and free proline (pro) of the transgenic lines were significant higher than those growing in the normal conditions, while the increment of malondialdehyde (MDA) appeared. The transgenic lines also had little change in photosynthetic characteristics and yield traits, Whereas the heat tolerance and drought resistance were remarkably enhanced in transgenic plants.