An integration map for maize yield related traits and the identification of consensus QTL | 玉米产量相关性状QTL的整合及一致性QTL发掘

صينى. 提高QTL定位的准确度和有效性是分子标记辅助选择用于新品种选育的关键。本研究收集了来自不同玉米产量及其相关性状定位群体获得的946个QTL座位，以高密度分子标记图谱IBM22008Neighbors作为参考图谱，通过QTLFinder软件的图谱映射和元分析功能构建了玉米产量及相关性状QTL的一致性图谱。玉米产量及相关性状QTL在10条染色体上分布不均匀，10号染色体上QTL最少，只有62个；1号染色体上QTL最多，有174个；控制轴粗的QTL主要分布在1号和2号染色体上，控制穗长、百粒重、产量和行粒数的QTL主要分布在1号染色体上，穗粗QTL在2号和5号染色体上分布较多，而控制秃尖长等性状的QTL在各染色体上的分布差异不大。借助QTLFinder的元分析功能，共发掘出287个玉米产量及相关性状的一致性QTL座位，一致性QTL存在成簇分布的现象。本研究将为玉米产量及相关性状QTL的精细定位、基因克隆和分子标记辅助选择提供参考依据。

إنجليزي. Enhancing the efficiency and precision of QTL mapping is important for marker-assisted selection for maize yield improvement. In this research, 946 QTL for maize grain yield and its related traits were collected from 36 experiments and were used to construct the integration and consensus map. As shown in the result, the QTL for maize yield and related traits were unevenly distributed on all 10 chromosomes, with most of 174 QTL on chromosome 1 and least of 62 QTL on chromosome 10. QTL for ear length, 100 kernel weight, kernel number per row and grain yield were mainly distributed on chromosome 1, while QTL for cob diameter on chromosome 1 and 2, QTL for ear diameter are mainly on chromosome 1 and 5. QTL for other traits are evenly distributed on the 10 chromosomes. Two-hundreds and eighty-seven consensus QTL for grain yield and its related traits were identified by the meta-analysis function of QTL. Finder, some of the consensus QTL are located on the same or near chromosome regions. These results provide a good basis for studying genetic mechanism and molecular marker assisted selection for maize yield improvement.