Effect of steckling size(transplant) and time of transplanting on root yield and quality of sugar beet in small farm

A wide sugar beet cultivation area faces with insufficient water source. The highest water requirement of cereal and sugar beet in initial growth stage cause the sugar beet field irrigation postponed until the last cereal irrigation (about 50 days after sugar beet seed planting). Delaying irrigation for long period in initial growth stage of sugar beet cause root yield reduction and boosting up weeds, insects and disease. Using sugar beet seedling transplanting technique is suitable way to reduce the water shortage effects. In this experiment the effects of two factors including seedling size and date of seedling transplanting on seedling establishment (without using paper pot) in field were investigated. The experimental layout were split plot with four replications. The dates of seedling transplanting in three levels including 77, 95 and 110 days after beginning year were lay in the main-plots and seedling size including 1/5, 1/5-3 and 3-4/5 cm were lay in sub-plots. Each main plot contains of 5 rows with 15 m length and each sub-plot contains of 5 raw with 3 m length. Alongside of the experiment direct seeding were done in 3/17, 4/2 and 4/19 dates as controls. At the end of growing period 3 middle rows were harvested and root yield, root quality were determined. Results showed that the dates of seedling transplanting had effects on root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield, sugar content and impurity in 0.01. The highest root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield, were 87, 11/3 and 9/3 t/h which were obtained in first seedling transplanting date treatment. The lowest root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield, were 47/2, 7/4 and 5/8 t/h which were obtained in third seedling transplanting date treatment. Different levels of seedling size had significant effects only on root yield, sugar yield, white sugar yield and had no effects on other characters.