Study on Efficacy of biological and chemical compounds on apple worm management in Kermanshah orchards

One of the most important pests of apple in Kermanshah Province is, Cydia pomonella (L) that causes severe damage to the yield. Currently, the only way to control the pest populations is repeated using chemical insecticides. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a number of non- chemical compounds in order to replace them with common chemical compounds. For this purpose in three main regions of Kermanshah province where apple gardens grew the experiments were performed in three gardens with various altitudes of 1350. 1700 and 2000 meter under a completely randomized block design with 4 replications the treatments include Fousalon of 2Χ10-3,Mahak ® (a mixture of garlic and tobacco liquid extract). Commercial application of Bacillus thurangiensis var kurstaki at 3Χ10-3 and control without spraying. For determination of the impact of every treatment on controlling codling moth every week the number of dropped fruits (healthy and pestdamaged0 separately were totally scored and the fruits on every tree at the end of experiment were added to these numbers. For data analyses the software's MSTAT-C, SPSS 11.5 AND EXCEL were used. To determine the exact date for control practices the pheromone traps were used. Our results indicated that codling moth had 3 generation in region with 1350 m altitude. The population accumulate in 2nd generation was more than first and 3nd generations. In 1700 m altitude the pest had two generations which in first one the population and the damage were very low. But in 2nd generation it needed one time spraying. With increasing in altitude the population and damages decreased severely so that in 2000 m there was no need using of chemicals against the pest. After 2 years of experiments it were concluded that Fusalon with recommended application's had statistically more efficacy against codling moth in comparison with Mahak anb Bt but two natural compounds Mahak and Bt no significant difference with each other.