Trichinella species variety in pine marten (Martes martes) and stone marten (Martes foina) in Latvia and Lithuania (Kaunas region)
2014
Berzina, Z., Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment „BIOR”, Riga (Latvia);Daugavpils Univ. (Latvia). Inst. of Systematic Biology | Jahundovica, I., Daugavpils Univ. (Latvia). Inst. of Systematic Biology | Kirjusina, M., Daugavpils Univ. (Latvia). Inst. of Systematic Biology
Trichinella species are worldwide distributed zoonotic agents and carnivores, as pine marten and stone marten, are common wildlife reservoirs for this nematode. In wild and domestic animals from Latvia and Lithuania detected Trichinella britovi, T. nativa, T. spiralis and T. pseudospiralis. Aim of this study was to obtain the Trichinella species prevalence and diversity in stone and pine martens in Latvia and Lithuania. Samples collected in hunting seasons from 2011 till 2014 in different regions of Latvia and in Kaunas region, Lithuania. Animals were killed by licensed hunters accordingly to Latvian hunting law (MK rules No 760) and Lithuania hunting law (LR MEDŽIOKLĖS ĮSTATYMAS Nr. IX-966). From each sampled animal (n=142) collected muscle tissues from foreleg and stored frozen at -20° C until further analyzing. Trichinella larvae detection was conducted separately for each animal. At least 25 g muscle tissue was analyzed according to European Union Commission Regulation with reference method (EC No 2075/2005). The number of Trichinella larvae per gram of muscle tissues (l.p.g.) was determined and larvae were collected and stored in 96% ethyl alcohol for further analyses. Trichinella species were identified by multiplex-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using species specific primers. Trichinella sp. prevalence in Martes sp. is 48.6%: in Lithuania (Kaunas region) 20.0% but in Latvia 52.0%. In Latvia detected higher Trichinella sp. prevalence in Martes sp. than in Lithuania (Kaunas region). There is no difference in Trichinella sp. prevalence in pine marten (49.2%) and stone marten (45.8%) in Latvia and Lithuania (Kaunas region). Trichinella sp. intensity is higher in pine marten (0.04-49.88 l.p.g.) than in stone marten (0.04-17.92 l.p.g.). In Trichinella identification determined three species: T. britovi, T. nativa and T. spiralis. There is higher Trichinella sp. diversity in Latvia than in Lithuania (Kaunas region). Trichinella nativa is only common in mix invasion with T. britovi. The widespread species in Latvia and Lithuania (Kaunas region) is T. britovi.
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