Current status and development trends of legumes cultivation in the Republic of Belarus

الروسية. Рассмотрены производственно-экономические показатели возделывания зернобобовых культур в Республике Беларусь на современном этапе, выявлены тенденции их производства, определен порог эффективного возделывания. Произведен сравнительный анализ кормового баланса молока и мяса КРС в организациях Минсельхозпрода. Обоснованы перспективные направления наращивания зерна бобовых культур.

إنجليزي. In a course of the research there was studied production and economic performance of the cultivation of leguminous plants in the Republic of Belarus at the present stage, the tendencies of their production, defined threshold efficient cultivation. The comparative analysis of fodder balance of milk and beef production in the Ministry of Agriculture organizations was done. Perspective directions of grain legumes increasing were grounded. As a result of realized research there were revealed some positive aspects of the cultivation of leguminous plants in general. In terms of regions in recent years a more favorable situation for the production of grain legumes developed in Minsk, Mogilev and Grodno regions where the cost of production of 1 ton of grain legumes in the 6.5-9.5% lower than the average level. On average, the effective threshold of the country growing leguminous crops was formed at a concentration of 180-200 ha per farm, or the order of 4.3-4.5% in the general structure of crops with the level of material and cash costs per 1 ha of crops in the amount of 428-462 of US dollars. This provided a yield of 28-32 c/ha, or 80-85 kg with a score-hectare, at a cost of 1 ton - 135-146 of US dollars.