Effects of different amounts and procedures of Fe and Cu fertilizers application on yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the greenhouse

The effect of different anounts and procedures of Cu and Fe fertilizers applications on yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) var. Pishtaz was evaluated in the greenhouse of Agricultural College of Saveh Branch, Islamic Azad University in 2008. A factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was applied. Treatments included three levels of Fe (control, 2.5 and 5 mg.kg -1 of CuSO4.5H2O) and Cu (control, 5 and 10 mg.kg -1 of FeSO4.H2O) fertilizers were applied on the soil and two levels foliar applications (control and 2000 mg.L-1 of Cu-EDTA plus Fe-EDTA). The results did not show significant effect of treatments on protein content and number of tillers. Soil application of Fe fertilizer significantly increased yield components, Fe content in seeds, number of shoots and the number of fertile tillers about 37, 31, 11 and 29%, respectively. Whereas the soil application of Cu significantly increased yield components, uptake and content of Cu in the grain and straw and number of fertile tillers about 12, 42, 40 and 42% respectively. The results showed that spray application of Fe in comparison to the control, significantly increased grain yield, grain number per spike, Fe uptake and Fe concentrations in the grain and straw about 20, 4, 6, 14 and 2% respectively. The foliar application of Cu significantly increased the concentration of Cu in the grain and straw as well as Cu content in the grain about 31, 33 and 33%, respectively. The results of this experiment indicated that there was an antagonistic interactions between Fe and Cu contents in the grain, where by increasing Fe content in the plant, the content of Cu will be reduced and vice versa.