Does client-oriented plant breeding work?
2009
Getachew Belay
Client-oriented plant breeding traces its roots to farmer participatory research approaches of the 1980s. There are a number of names used to describe the practiced processes. This review includes participatory plant breeding (PPB), decentralized-PPB and highly client-oriented plant breeding that are treated under 'client-oriented plant breeding' and practiced in marginal environments of developing countries. The main objective is not to review the <i>process</i> but to analyse the results registered so far and published in peer-reviewed literature. Most arguments made in favour of client-oriented plant breeding have been based on criticizing conventional breeding rather than reporting its own achievements. Through time, however, the confrontations between approaches seem to have subsided. The practice of client-oriented plant breeding has been applied (or mis-applied) to several types of crops. In most cases, 'success' is reported by giving numbers of farmer-selected materials, or giving variety names to genotypes that did not pass the official release procedures. The extent of adoption and impact of these genotypes has been limited, or is not well documented. Four varieties have been released in rice and teff. Client-oriented plant breeding may have its narrow and local niches, but its institutionalization in agricultural research systems as a separate process from the conventional breeding does not appear evident. Given that the problem is the availability of varieties that can be grown in marginal environments, the future rests on the ingenuity of the cutting-edge scientific advances.
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