Towards mutation breeding in pineapple (ananas comosus (L.) Merr through ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) seed mutagens
2017
Lorenzo, J.C.A. | Mercado, S.M.Q | Conchada, A. A. Jr. | Valencio, L.D.C | Galvez, H.F
Abstract : En Pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr), one of the leading fruit crops in the tropics and among the top three export of the Philippines, has already a substantial amount of genetic diversity. Neverthless, novel traits generated through seed mutagenesis with enhance studies in genetics and breeding. Induced mutation coupled with functional genomic analysis has been used to improve the quality of pineapple. One of the most commonly used chemical agents that provide high mutation rates and high frequency nucleotide substitutions is ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). In this study, seeds produced from crossing the two varieties' Smooth Cayenne' and 'Queen' were treated with six concentrations of EMS 0.25%, 0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25% and 1.50 by volume. The M1 plants were evaluated using IPgRI descriptor for three qualitative traits : plant habit, forage attitude and leaf length. Phenotypes diversity was also determined by calculating the Shannon Weaver diversity index (H). Among the treatments, 0.75% EMS showed the highest diversity for the eight evaluated traits with H= 0.84 and 0.25% EMS treatment having the least diversity (H=0.64). The average range of diversity of the materials is from H=0.64-0.84 and an overall mean of 0.73+-0.06 indicating a high genetics diversity. The range of genetic diversity generated from induced seed EMS mutagenesis can be a good source of possible novel genetic mutation. With the publication of the pineapple database, primers can be designed to screen targeted genes for induced point mutations.
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