Antifungal activity of 3-acetylbenzamide produced by actinomycete WA23-4-4 from the intestinal tract of Periplaneta americana
2018
Xia Fang, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Juan Shen, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Jie Wang, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Zhi-li Chen, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Pei-bin lin, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Zhi-yu Chen, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Lin-yan Liu, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Huan-xiong Zeng, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China | Xiao-bao Jin, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
Actinomycetes are well-known for producing numerous bioactive secondary metabolites. In this study, primary screening by antifungal activity assay found one actinomycete strain WA23-4-4 isolated from the intestinal tract of Periplaneta americana that exhibited broad spectrum antifungal activity. 16S rDNA gene analysis of strain WA23-4-4 revealed close similarity to Streptomyces nogalater (AB045886) with 86.6% sequence similarity. Strain WA23-4-4 was considered as a novel Streptomyces and the 16s rDNA sequence has been submitted to GenBank (accession no. KX291006). The maximum antifungal activity of WA23-4-4 was achieved when culture conditions were optimized to pH 8.0, with 12% inoculum concentration and 210 ml ISP2 medium, which remained stable between the 5th and the 9th day. 3-Acetyl benzoyl amide was isolated by ethyl acetate extraction of WA23- 4-4 fermentation broth, and its molecular formula was determined as C9H9NO2 based on MS, IR, 1 H, and 13C NMR analyses. The compound showed significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 (MIC: 31.25 μg/ml) and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 (MIC: 31.25 μg/ml). However, the compound had higher MIC values against Trichophyton rubrum ATCC 60836 (MIC: 500 μg/ml) and Aspergillus fumigatus ATCC 96918 (MIC: 1,000 μg/ml). SEM analysis showed damage to the cell membrane of Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and to the mycelium of Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 after being treatment with 3-acetyl benzoyl amide. In conclusion, this is the first time that 3-acetyl benzoyl amide has been identified from an actinomycete and this compound exhibited antifungal activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404.
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