Millability and fermentability of various ZP maize grain for wet-milling and bioethanol production
2016
Milašinović-Šeremešić, Marija | Radosavljević, Milica | Semenčenko, Valentina | Terzić, Dušanka | Dokić, Ljubica | Mojović, Ljiljana
Maize (Zea mays L.) grain, composed of approximately 70% of starch, is of great importance for starch and bioethanol production. The aim of this study was screening of various ZP maize hybrids to evaluate the factors which determine starch and bioethanol yields and selecting the most suitable hybrids of ZP maize grain for starch and bioethanol production. Maize millability was estimated using small samples (100g) of maize grain by determining the quantity and the quality of the recoverable components as well as the relative difficulty encountered in component separation. Fermentability was done by hydrolysis experiments in two steps (liquefaction with Termamyl SC, and saccharification with SAN Extra L). Starch hydrolysates obtained by the twostep hydrolysis of the corn flour starch were subjected to fermentation by S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus under semi-anaerobic conditions. The results of studying different maize hybrids showed that the starch and bioethanol yield depends on the hybrid of maize grain i.e. grain composition and physical traits. Founded variability in the milling quality (millability) and fermentability were determined by several quality factors of maize grain. Starch content had very significant affect on starch and bioethanol yield. Test weight, density and soft endosperm portion, representing important physical quality factors for determination wet-milling properties and fermentative characteristics of the grain, gave the biggest number of high correlation coefficients. Starch yield and recovery as well as bioethanol yield showed very high dependence to the soft endosperm portion (0.87**, 0.85** and 0.82**) indicating that it could be used as a main criterion for the assessment of applicability/suitability of the maize grain for starch and bioethanol production. Based on the results it could be concluded that ZP hybrids with good millability i.e. wet-milling characteristics also showed good fermentability i.e. fermentative characteristics of maize grain.
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