Ammonia emission reduction effect on acidification of swine manure digester applied in winter rapeseed fields | Cūku mēslu digestāta paskābināšanas ietekme uz amonjaka emisiju apjomiem ziemas rapša sējumos
2019
Pilecka, J., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Environment and Civil Engineering. Dept. of Environment an Water Management;Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Scientific Lab. of Forest and Water Resources | Grinfelde, I., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Faculty of Environment and Civil Engineering. Dept. of Environment an Water Management;Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia). Scientific Lab. of Forest and Water Resources
Agriculture is the main source of global ammonia emissions. It generates about 75% of global ammonia emissions into the atmosphere and soil fertilization accounts for half of agricultural emissions. Measures of ammonia emissions mitigation can be divided into three large groups: the first group refers to measures of ammonia emission mitigation in animal housing, the second group refers to ammonia emission mitigation measures during the storage of manure and the third group is ammonia emission mitigation measures for fertilizer application. One of mitigation measures is acidification of pig slurry digestate in the field. Measurements of ammonia emissions were made in Jaunbērze parish on 30 April and 1 May, 2018. Sulphate (NS 21:24) and pig manure digestate were used for fertilization. The Picarro G2508 used to conduct the study allows real-time measurements of ammonia concentrations at 1 second intervals, with measuring time of 400 seconds. The volume of the measurement chamber is 60 l connected to the Picarro G2508 using a 10 m long Teflon tube. When measuring ammonia emissions, 3 iterations were performed for each measurement, the reference error was less than 5%. Emissions after digestate application were measured at different time intervals: the first measurement session was immediately after the digestate application, the second measurement session was measured after 2 hours, the third measurement session was measured after 4 hours and the fourth was the measurement after 24 hours. The highest emission immediately after digestate dispersal of 4500 g hE-1 haE-1 was detected on the plot without vegetation. The increased ammonia emission is explained by the high pH 7.9 digestate. The lowest ammonia emission at 710 g hE-1 haE-1 was detected in the sample plot where acidified digestate was dispersed and where there was winter rape plantation which could be explained by reduced pH 6.4 and the ability of winter rapeseed to absorb ammonia. The result of ammonia emissions in the digestate without vegetation was about twice as high as in the digestate with vegetation. Acidified digestate with vegetation showed three times higher reduction of ammonia emissions in comparison with acidified digestate without vegetation.
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