Ампелографска и молекуларна идентификација и клонска селекција сорте винове лозе Седуша / Ampelographic and molecular identification and clonal selection of grapevine cultivar Seduša

The work of recovering and characterising varieties of Vitis vinifera L., is very important in order to develop and strengthen the viticulture and viniculture traditions in some vine-growing areas. Clonal selection is the method for improving the performance of wine from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) existing cultivars. Old plants, belong to red grapevine cultivar Seduša, which present a good sanitary state and adequate yield were selected for clonal selection with the aim of restoring this old cultivar, after years of abandonment, and improving the quality of its wines. In this study, 6 vines of Seduša were analysed by means of genetic markers, simple sequence repeats (SSRs). Nine loci microsatellites, VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVMD36, VRZAG62, VRZAG64, VRZAG67, VRZAG79, were analysed in order to verify the identity of the selected plants. Seduša was analyzed for the presence of viruses listed by the international certification programs (EPPO) and other additionaly. Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) with a variation for Grapevine virus A (GVA), DASIELISA Double antibody sandwich indirect ELISA for Grapevine Fleck Virus (GFkV) and Grapevine Virus B (GVB) and Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) screenings were performed in 54 vines of Seduša (including 3 wrongly identified samples) included in a clonal selection. The work showed a high occurrence of viruses, which were present especially in mixed infection forms and sporadically only in single infection form. Virus-free vines were at 11.1%. Infections by Grapevine leafroll associated viruses 1, 2, 3 (GLRaVs) were ascertained in 66%. Seduša was also highly infected by Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) 75.9% and Grapevine fleck virus (GFkV) 51.8%. Grapevine Rupestris Stem Pitting associated Virus (GRSPaV), was tested with RT-PCR, infection were at 38.9%. Over three years agronomic and enological data has been collected in situ. The description of Seduša ampelographic characteristics is based on the OIV, Bioversity and UPOV list of descriptions. A final number of 6 potentional clones, which belong to these cultivars, were selected for planting in a plot, for their subsequent study under homogeneous conditions. Seduša was vinified as a varietal wine, whose aromatic and organoleptic characteristics were evaluated. The wine has an intense and persistent fragrance, moderate phenols and acids. Wine-making tests confirmed the versatility of the clones for the production of varietal wines. In warm-temperate environment, with reducing the vine yield, using cordon de Royat training system, and delaying the harvest date, it has been possible to obtain a wine with good structure and complex aroma.