Study on Hazards of Chemical Fibre Wastewater and Evaluation of Uncertainty in Environmental Monitoring

China has a typical labour-intensive chemical fibre industry characterized by high energy consumption, severe pollution tendencies, and low resource utilization rate. The chemical fibre industry seriously harms the environment due to its small production scale, single product variety, low resource utilization efficiency, and weak technology strength. Investigating wastewater generated by chemical fibre production and improving the measurement uncertainty of monitoring factors are significant to chemical fibre wastewater treatment and environmental protection. A review of related literature on wastewater pollution in the chemical industry is conducted to summarize the types of wastewater hazards in the chemical fibre production process. An environmental monitoring uncertainty model is used to measure the wastewater monitoring uncertainty of a chemical fibre enterprise in Jilin City, Jilin Province in China. Findings show that the hazardous types of chemical fibre wastewater include polluting the surrounding environment, endangering human health, and destroying existing biodiversity. The monitoring quality reliability of the extended uncertainty model for the pH value, chemical oxygen demand, ammonia-nitrogen, and total phosphorous used in this case is superior to the direct chemical numerical detection quality. The monitoring uncertainty of chemical fibre wastewater can be further improved by perfecting the chemical fibre production process and the wastewater treatment process. Its environmental hazards can also be relieved by improving the environmental monitoring industry of wastewater and strengthening the R&D of related virtual instruments. This study can serve as a reference for enhancing the environmental monitoring quality of chemical fibre wastewater, compensating for the environmental monitoring errors, realizing the energy conservation and emission reduction of the chemical fibre industry.