Increasing yield of oil flax by improving technological process of sowing seeds together with hydrogel granules
2020
Nosevich, M., Saint-Petersburg State Agrarian Univ. (Russian Federation)
To reduce the negative impact of arid conditions on oil flax development, moisture-retaining gels are widely used, which are placed into the soil in the form of granules before or during sowing. However, the introduction of hydrogel granules through grass seed or granular applicators with traditional flax sowing machines does not have a particular effect due to the absence of moisture concentration zones at the site where granules are placed. To increase the yield of oil flax, it is proposed to improve the technological process of sowing this crop simultaneously with the introduction of hydrogel granules. A positive effect is achieved due to the formation of local areas of compaction by a special packer roller during sowing, where seeds are sown and hydrogel granules are added. Covering the seeds and granules with a mulching layer of loose soil creates the effect of thermal insulation. At the boundary of the compacted layer, in which a profiled roller creates a network of capillary channels, and a layer of soil mulch saturated with air pores, a condensation zone of soil moisture is formed. Soil water migrates through capillaries under the influence of the phenomenon of thermoelectrokinesis. At night, soil moisture rises to the boundary of the compacted layer by capillaries and is retained by hydrogel. In the daytime, the moisture accumulated by the hydrogel is consumed by the root system of flax, ensuring plant resistance to adverse conditions with prolonged absence of rainfall. Taking into account the peculiarities of the water migration in the soil capillaries, it was proposed to improve the coulter of a flax seeder for sowing flax seeds simultaneously with hydrogel granules. Improvement of the sowing process of oil flax seed with the introduction of hydrogel granules was made based on taking into account the movement of soil moisture under the influence of a temperature gradient. Due to the combination of the coulter with roller for compaction bottom of furrow, the application of the granular preparations in same row with oil flax seed and further covering by mulched soil reached positive effect.
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