Determination of technical and economic efficiency of equipment for mass breeding of entomophages
2020
Krutyakova, V., Engineering and Technology Inst. “Biotechnicaˮ, Hlibodarske, Odessa reg. (Ukraine) | Bespalov, I., Engineering and Technology Inst. “Biotechnicaˮ, Hlibodarske, Odessa reg. (Ukraine) | Rucins, A., Latvia Univ. of Life Sciences and Technologies, Jelgava (Latvia) | Bulgakov, V., National Univ. of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev (Ukraine)
The existing practice of creating the equipment for industrial production of entomophages is usually based on the development of the working design documentation for already tested mock-ups and experimental samples of the laboratory equipment obtained as a result of the research work on introduction of insects into culture and their breeding. However, such an approach is rather expensive. This study is aimed at a methodological provision of the stage of the engineering design of technological complexes for industrial production of entomophages, the main characteristics of which are determined by the design of the cages for insects. The proposed scientifically based scaling methodology substantiates a possibility and conditions to ensure pre-set values of the abiotic and the biotic factors of the cage models when their areas are changed. Criteria are justified for a complex assessment of various technical solutions by way of minimising the relative technological prime cost of manufacturing the cages and boxes in which they are implemented. Analytical dependences were obtained and investigated of the technological cost of a set of cages and boxes for the cultivation of lacewings on their areas. It has been established that increasing the area of the cage for lacewings from 0.0625 to 0.125 square m reduces its cost from 1.43 to 1.06 UAH•(insect)E−1, and increasing the area of the box for cages from 0.3 to 0.6 square m reduces its cost from 0.55 to 0.04 UAH•(insect)E−1. In order to minimise the prime cost, it is necessary to increase the horizontal cross-sectional areas of cages and boxes to values limited by the ease of use or the structural strength. The developed methodologies were tested during the design of a technological complex for the production of the gold-eye entomophagy, including the prototype cages. In comparison with the existing equipment, a 50−60 % improvement in the economic indicators has been achieved.
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