Галицко-Подольские черноземы вначале ХХ века
2019
Позняк, С. (Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv (Ukraine) | Мазник, Л. (Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Lviv (Ukraine)
The article reveals the essence of the Leopold Buber’s monograph "Galychyna - Podilsk soils, their formation, natural structure and modern agricultural operating conditions in north-eastern soil zone of Galychyna." The book describes the study of genesis, properties and conditions of farm relations in Galychyna - Podilsk chernozem region of the early twentieth century. Leopold Buber’s monograph consists of two parts: the formation and structure of natural Galychyna-Podilsk chernozem; agricultural conditions of north-eastern Galychyna - Podilsk chernozem. This publication highlights the views of the researcher regarding the origin of chernozem and nature of humus soil processes. Analysis of the geography, characteristics and use of Galychyna-Podilsk chernozem is outlined. The scientist believes that Galychyna-Podilsk chernozem region is a natural extension of Rus-Podilsk chernozem. Among the most important morphological characteristic features the author considered color and developed a classification of chernozem by color: very rich in humus "perfect" chernozem , chernozem undergoing dissolution of organic particles as a result of afforestation or cultivation of modern, gray or dark brown soils on the site where once were forests that are close to the process of dehumidification. Scientists noticed the important role of carbonates in the formation of chernozem. Galychyna soils are characterized by low content of calcium carbonate in the upper horizons. The poor in carbonates horizons have the darkest color. With increasing content of carbonate horizons are becoming lighter. These results are important for assessing the current state of chernozem in Galychyna and Podilya.
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