Nutritional and toxicological evaluation of double starter cultured fermented Canavalia ensiformis in mice
2016
Gabriel-Ajobiewe, R. A. O. | Gbore, F. A. | Emikpe, B. O.
The nutritional value and toxicological effects of seeds of Canavalia ensiformis, an under-utilized tropical leguminous plant and a possible alternative protein source was investigated. The seeds were pre-treated before fermenting with pure double strains inoculum comprising of three sets of bacteria and four sets of moulds. The treatment diets were formulated with crude protein content from all the samples. Additionally, positive (casein) diet and negative (basal) diet serves as controls. Each group had four mice. Feeding was for 14 days to evaluate the net protein utilization while the toxicological evaluation was by haematological, serum enzymes changes and histopathology. There was significant (p<0.05) difference in terms of feed/ nutrient utilization by the mice on the different diets. In all, only diet formulated from Bacillus subtilis plus Pediococcus pentosaceus fermented sample (0.30 ± 0.01g/mice/day and 79.11 ± 2.37%) was close to the nitrogen intake and net protein of the casein diet (0.83 ± 0.02g/mice/day and 94.18 ± 4.08%). The serum transferases increased significantly in treatment groups when compared with the casein diet. The PCV and RBC values decreased significantly while the WBC counts increased in all the mice fed with fermented diets except for those on B. subtilis plus P. pentosaceus fermented sample (46.40% - PCV, 11.40 x 106mm-3 -RBC). The histopathology of the livers of mice in some treated groups showed moderate to severe hepatic degeneration. In terms of nutritional constituent and assessment of protein quality only diet formulated from B. subtilis plus P. pentosaceus fermented diet showed great promises.
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