ASSESSMENT OF THE ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL OF VARIETIES AND LINES OF SPRING BARLEY BRED BY THE TATAR RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURE

One of the factors for increasing and stabilizing grain yields is the creation and introduction into production of varieties that are maximally adapted to the specific natural and climatic conditions of the cultivation zone. The assessment of varieties and promising lines of spring barley breeding of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture for the parameters of adaptive capacity and stability took place. Significant effects of the conditions of the year, the genotype of the variety and their interaction on the indicator "grain yield" were revealed. In the Predkamsk zone of the Republic of Tatarstan, the main influence over the years of research on this indicator was provided by the hydrothermal conditions of the growing season, which accounted for 79.6 percent. The share of the genotype of the variety was 9.6% and the specific interaction accounted for 9.6%. It was found that new varieties and lines of spring barley significantly exceeded the standard in terms of "grain yield", the increase was 6.2...42.7 percent. It was found that parallel to the breeding shift for this trait of new varieties and promising lines, there was an increase in the coefficient of variation in yield by years (24.4-38.8%), a decrease in the level of resistance to stressful growing conditions (-2.14-2.84 t/ha) and a decrease in the indicator of realizing the productivity potential (63.3-74.5). It was found that the Endan variety was characterized by high breeding values of the genotype and variety (2.74 and 2.73, respectively), and the Raushan variety is most adapted to a number of environments in the Predkamsk zone. Judging by the size of the linear regression coefficient (bi = 1.71) Rakhat had the highest reactivity to changes in growing conditions. Based on 4-year studies, it can be argued that the hydrothermal conditions of the Predkamsk zone of the Republic of Tatarstan differentiated the genotypes of spring barley in terms of adaptive capacity and stability